Beatrice de Graaf and Erik de Lange at Consortium on the Revolutionary Era

Beatrice de Graaf and Erik de Lange will attend the Consortium on the Revolutionary Era in Philadelphia. De Graaf will present a paper in which she argues that collective security is an early 19th-century tradition, closely linked to the birth of imperialism. De Lange contends that the Congress of Aachen tried to impose Great Powers projections of (il)legitimate violence outside of Europe. However, non-European actors contested that projection as a hegemonic attempt to lay down the law through intimidation, which brings to light the imperialist aspects of the system.